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After the outbreak of corona virus, all counties are paying special attention to their healthcare infrastructure. During second phase of covid-19, entire world has seen health care crisis. Large number of people died globally. Entire world was affected mentally or physically. There is a great need to strengthen the healthcare infrastructure, to vaccinate the population against covid virus infection and to take proper precaution to avoid spread of the virus, so that the world will not see such deadly days again. This paper discusses how technologies like Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), Drones etc can help in remote monitoring of patients, judicious hospital admission, conscious distribution of lifesaving drugs etc. Investment in technology with not only help in the reduction of spread of the virus but will also help in fighting with all other future pandemics. All the countries must have to invest more on latest technologies in their healthcare to make themselves ready for such future pandemics. When the things will improve, the new normal will be very much different from the life that was before pandemic. IoT, AI and other technologies will become the non-separatable part of our life. © 2023 Bharati Vidyapeeth, New Delhi.
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Engineering programs emphasize students career advancement by ensuring that engineering students gain technical and professional capabilities during their four-year study. In a traditional engineering laboratory, students "learn by doing", and laboratory equipment facilitates their discipline-specific knowledge acquisition. Unfortunately, there were significant educational uncertainties, such as COVID-19, which halted laboratory activities for an extended period, causing challenges for students to perform and obtain practical experiments on campus. To overcome these challenges, this research proposes and develops an Artificial Intelligence-based smart tele-assisting technology application to digitalize first-year engineering students practical experience by incorporating Augmented Reality (AR) and Machine Learning (ML) algorithms using the HoloLens 2. This application improves virtual procedural demonstrations and assists first-year engineering students in conducting practical activities remotely. This research also applies various machine learning algorithms to identify and classify different images of electronic components and detect the positions of each component on the breadboard (using the HoloLens 2). Based on a comparative analysis of machine learning algorithms, a hybrid CNN-SVM (Convolutional Neural Network - Support Vector Machine) model is developed and is observed that a hybrid model provides the highest average prediction accuracy compared to other machine learning algorithms. With the help of AR (HoloLens 2) and the hybrid CNN-SVM model, this research allows students to reduce component placement errors on a breadboard and increases students competencies, decision-making abilities, and technical skills to conduct simple laboratory practices remotely. © 2023 IEEE.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the shift from traditional office setups to remote working, driven by information and communication technology advancements. As a result, the metaverse concept is gaining popularity in modern organizations, allowing users to create avatars for virtual work, socializing, and other activities. While its corporate adoption is rising, managers must acquire the necessary skills to integrate and utilize the technology successfully. However, technological progress can be disruptive, making it essential to weigh the benefits and drawbacks.Methodology: This proposal aims to investigate metaverse skills that managers require for remote working using virtual realities, assessing the positive and negative risks for employees and management within business organizations. Using secondary data from reliable online databases, a qualitative research approach was used to understand the pros and cons of the metaverse and remote work.Purpose: The study examines the essential skills managers need to adopt metaverse virtual realities for remote working and how employees and organizations can implement it while maintaining a positive work environment. Keywords such as metaverse, remote working, virtual reality, and information and communication technology are critical. As technology evolves, managers and organizations must consider the metaverse's inherent advantages and disadvantages to ensure a successful transition to remote.Research Questions: What are the necessary skills needed by managers towards the adoption of metaverse virtual realities for remote working? How can employees and organizations adapt to implementing metaverse for remote work and sustain a positive work environment? © 2023 IEEE.
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Face is one of the most widely employed traits for person recognition, even in many large-scale applications. Despite technological advancements in face recognition systems, they still face obstacles caused by pose, expression, occlusion, and aging variations. Owing to the COVID-19 pandemic, contactless identity verification has become exceedingly vital. To constrain the pandemic, people have started using face mask. Recently, few studies have been conducted on the effect of face mask on adult face recognition systems. However, the impact of aging with face mask on child subject recognition has not been adequately explored. Thus, the main objective of this study is analyzing the child longitudinal impact together with face mask and other covariates on face recognition systems. Specifically, we performed a comparative investigation of three top performing publicly available face matchers and a post-COVID-19 commercial-off-The-shelf (COTS) system under child cross-Age verification and identification settings using our generated synthetic mask and no-mask samples. Furthermore, we investigated the longitudinal consequence of eyeglasses with mask and no-mask. The study exploited no-mask longitudinal child face dataset (i.e., extended Indian Child Longitudinal Face Dataset) that contains 26,258 face images of 7,473 subjects in the age group of [2, 18] over an average time span of 3.35 years. Due to the combined effects of face mask and face aging, the FaceNet, PFE, ArcFace, and COTS face verification system accuracies decrease by approximately , , , and , respectively. © 2022 ACM.
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Information Technology (IT) solutions have become a critical enabling tool in businesses and communities. As a result, organisations invest heavily in technology solutions to transform businesses. Motivated by rapid technological advancements, there have been radical changes in IT infrastructure management, IT applications, and IT services delivery. The recent COVID-19 pandemic also encouraged the rapid adoption of technology solutions. However, despite numerous prescriptive models and 'best practice frameworks' available in the field, and an increased uptake of ITG in organisations, achieving key ITG outcomes is consistently ranked as one of the top concerns of management. After establishing a theoretical foundation for effective ITG practices (via literature review), this study begins a pilot examination to determine if tech deployment failure can be attributed to poor ITG. © 2022 Authors. All rights reserved.
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This qualitative study used a phenomenological approach and the Marianist characteristics as a conceptual framework to understand the experiences of six lay Marianist educational leaders during COVID-19. Findings indicate that, during the pandemic, leaders were faced with specific challenges: receiving an excess of information, facing inequity in technology, serving students with various learning needs, and attending to the socioemotional health of students and teachers. Despite these di f iculties, the leaders were able to uphold the Marianist characteristics of educating for adapta tion and change, in family spirit, and for formation in faith. This study is significant because it provi des unique perspectives on how leaders of a Marianist urban high school were able to advance their mission during a global health pandemic. The study also adds to the crisis and Marianist leadership bodies of literature. © 2023, Loyola Marymount University. All rights reserved.
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PurposeThis paper draws on the affordance perspective, to explore the social media (SM) usage experiences that might render valuable for academic women professionals, for knowledge exchange, networking and success. Owing to the increased SM usage during COVID-19 pandemic, this paper tries to find out that in what ways do SM affordances facilitate the underprivileged group of women professionals to grow in their careers in a masculine, conservative society through knowledge exchange.Design/methodology/approachBy utilizing qualitative study design, the authors collected data from 31 women employed in Pakistani universities, through unstructured questionnaires. The responses were analyzed through Nvivo.FindingsThe generated themes suggested that women in Pakistan are aware of SM's potential for knowledge exchange among fellow professionals. They use it to aid them in communication, collaboration and networking. Additionally, they utilize it to share knowledge and build networks that are vital for career progression and success.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper concludes with the implications for practitioners that would aid them in boosting career prospects for women academicians through SM usage in a developing country Pakistan;where women's career outlooks are not as promising as for men;or as bright as for women working in the developed economies.Originality/valueThis a unique attempt to explore knowledge exchange dimensions with the help of SM in the context of working women by the deploying the phenomenological approach.
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PurposeThe world of work is changing and creating challenges and opportunities for the employment inclusion of young people with disabilities. In this article, the perceptions held by young adults with disabilities regarding participation in the future of work are examined.Design/methodology/approachOne-on-one interviews were conducted with Canadian young adults (ages 18–36 years) living with a disability. Participants were asked about their thoughts regarding the impact of the changing nature of work on their labor market involvement and career aspirations. A thematic analysis was performed to identify and examine emergent salient themes.FindingsIn total, 22 young adults were interviewed;over half held secure employment. Career aspirations and work-related decisions were primarily shaped by a participant's health needs. The future of work was seen as a more proximal determinant to employment. Digital technologies were expected to impact working conditions and create barriers and facilitators to employment. Participants who indicated being securely employed held positive expectations regarding the impact of digital technology on their work. Participants working precariously held negative appraisals regarding the impact of digital technologies on employment opportunities. The role of technological and soft skills was critical to participating in a labor market reliant on advanced technology. Participants reported barriers to developing job skills related to their disability and their work arrangements.Originality/valueThis research highlights the importance of considering changes in the future of work, especially the digital transformation of the economy, in the design of initiatives which promote the employment inclusion of young adults with disabilities. Despite the significance of the changing nature of work, supporting health needs and encouraging access to secure work arrangements also remain paramount.
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PurposeDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, many organizations adopted remote work policies. Meanwhile, the loss of the collocated work environment made it challenging for the supervisors to have a clear vision of their employees, which may impact the quality of the performance evaluation and developmental decisions. This paper aims to resolve this problem by identifying resources in the remote workplace that can help supervisors restore their capacity for a clear vision of the remote employees.Design/methodology/approachThe authors take the perspectives of the job resource-demand model and illustrate the theoretical framework that recognizes resources and resource holders at various levels of the organization. The authors see this as the key for supervisors to meet the demand of "seeing” their employees in the remote workplace.FindingsSpecifically, the employees should offer their information resources via skillful communication because supervisors have lost opportunities for in-person observation. Further, the administration is urged to deliver competence resources through training and development because supervisors may lack the experience of remote work management. Moreover, the organizations should provide social support resources by creating avenues for virtual networking activities, so as to make up the random social opportunities available in the collocated work environment.Research limitations/implicationsImproving supervisors' vision is a new challenge coming with the installation of the remote workplace. Further research is called for to empirically test this theoretical framework and identify more ways to increase the resources and reduce the demands for supervisors;thus, helping them ease into the new ways of supervision in the virtual workplace.Practical implicationsThis research informs the organizations to adjust their strategy for management development to adapt to the remote workplace.Originality/valueThe authors noted that increasing concerns of the low visibility of remote workers was partially due to the impaired vision of supervisors, who lost the context of in-person observation. Supervisors' vision of their employees was taken for granted in the traditional work environment and there was not much research done on this topic. This prompted us to develop a theoretical framework based on the job resource demand model.
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Introduction: Midcareer research faculty are a vital part of the advancement of science in U.S. medical schools, but there are troubling trends in recruitment, retention, and burnout rates. Methods: The primary sampling frame for this online survey was recipients of a single R01 or equivalent and/or K-award from 2013 to 2019. Inclusion criteria were 3-14 years at a U.S. medical school and rank of associate professor or two or more years as assistant professor. Forty physician investigators and Ph.D. scientists volunteered for a faculty development program, and 106 were propensity-matched controls. Survey items covered self-efficacy in career, research, work-life; vitality/burnout; relationships, inclusion, trust; diversity; and intention to leave academic medicine. Results: The majority (52%) reported receiving poor mentoring; 40% experienced high burnout and 41% low vitality, which, in turn, predicted leaving intention (P < 0.0005). Women were more likely to report high burnout (P = 0.01) and low self-efficacy managing work and personal life (P = 0.01) and to be seriously considering leaving academic medicine than men (P = 0.003). Mentoring quality (P < 0.0005) and poor relationships, inclusion, and trust (P < 0.0005) predicted leaving intention. Non-underrepresented men were very likely to report low identity self-awareness (65%) and valuing differences (24%) versus underrepresented men (25% and 0%; P < 0.0005). Ph.D.s had lower career advancement self-efficacy than M.D.s (P < .0005). Conclusions: Midcareer Ph.D. and physician investigators faced significant career challenges. Experiences diverged by underrepresentation, gender, and degree. Poor quality mentoring was an issue for most. Effective mentoring could address the concerns of this vital component of the biomedical workforce.
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The National Research Mentoring Network (NRMN) Strategic Empowerment Tailored for Health Equity Investigators (SETH) study evaluates the value of adding Developmental Network to Coaching in the career advancement of diverse Early-Stage Investigators (ESIs). Focused NIH-formatted Mock Reviewing Sessions (MRS) prior to the submission of grants can significantly enhance the scientific merits of an ESI's grant application. We evaluated the most prevalent design, analysis-related factors, and the likelihood of grant submissions and awards associated with going through MRS, using descriptive statistics, Chi-square, and logistic regression methods. A total of 62 out of 234 applications went through the MRS. There were 69.4% that pursued R grants, 22.6% career development (K) awards, and 8.0% other grant mechanisms. Comparing applications that underwent MRS versus those that did not (N = 172), 67.7% vs. 38.4% were submitted for funding (i.e., unadjusted difference of 29.3%; OR = 4.8, 95% CI = (2.4, 9.8), p-value < 0.0001). This indicates that, relative to those who did not undergo MRS, ESIs who did, were 4.8 times as likely to submit an application for funding. Also, ESIs in earlier cohorts (1-2) (a period that coincided with the pre COVID-19 era) as compared to those who were recruited at later cohorts (3-4) (i.e., during the peak of COVID-19 period) were 3.8 times as likely to submit grants (p-value < 0.0001). The most prevalent issues that were identified included insufficient statistical design considerations and plans (75%), conceptual framework (28.3%), specific aims (11.7%), evidence of significance (3.3%), and innovation (3.3%). MRS potentially enhances grant submissions for extramural funding and offers constructive feedback allowing for modifications that enhance the scientific merits of research grants.
Subject(s)
Biomedical Research , COVID-19 , Health Equity , Mentoring , Humans , United States , COVID-19/epidemiology , MentorsABSTRACT
Information and communication technology (ICT) advancements have an impact on many aspects of life and society, including the educational system. A key component of smart cities and the educational system alike, the IoT (Internet of Things) is becoming increasingly crucial. The COVID-19 epidemic, which began in March 2020, has accelerated educational reform and compelled institutions of higher learning to integrate ICT. Despite this, the Internet of Things (IoT) is still in its infancy in the education system, and its influence is still largely unknown. The research is an attempt to explore the potential of IoT in architectural education pedagogy which is primarily relying on creativity and innovation. Re-thinking about the student-centered pedagogies which acquires critical thinking skills, polite communication skills, conflict resolution skills, perspective taking skills, and adaptability towards global competence is the demand of the time which is the focus of the research. The outcome of the article is to propose a conceptual framework for smart education environment integrating IoT in Architectural Education adapting Global Competence for the future generations. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
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The recent pandemic, covid-19 has largely affected people's lives, health, and productivity. The first case of Covid-19 was recorded on December 31, 2019, in Wuhan, China. Since then, the number of cases has increased exponentially, and subsequently, numerous precautions have been taken to prevent and cure the virus. By May 26, 2021, totally, 168 million cases were reported worldwide, with 3.49 million deaths, and the pandemic is currently underway, with people continuing to get affected and fighting for their lives from this deadly virus. The World Health Organization (WHO) has also released various precautions and vaccines to combat the pandemic, but these are insufficient to reduce the number of infected cases or save people's lives. The proposed research study discusses about the utilization of artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and data science techniques for gaining a better understanding of covid-19 virus. This technological advancement can easily make proper judgments about covid-19, as well as the predictions on confirmed & recovered cases and deaths were made by using this technology. The datasets also include previous and current information about covid-19. The proposed research study also discusses about a tool called "Prophet.” Prophet is a Facebook open-source tool, which uses the Sklearn model API. The proposed study initially creates a prophet instance and then use its fit and predict methods. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
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The COVID19 pandemic has led to the proliferation of the use of online shopping applications among millions of customers worldwide. The enormous potential in technological advancements, particularly mobile technology, has directly impacted mobile commerce, where the shopping process has become so convenient. While the benefits of mobile commerce are multi-fold, the current privacy practices and the extent of user data residue in shopping apps have been less explored. In this paper, we conducted an in-depth, systematic analysis of two of the most popular mobile shopping apps - Amazon and Etsy. Our analysis led to the recovery of user data and shopping activity artifacts from Amazon and Etsy buyer and seller apps on Android/iOS devices. Based on the user data and artifacts found, we have also discussed the implications of default privacy settings, the importance of online safety policies prior to product listings, and implications for research and practice. © 2023 IEEE Computer Society. All rights reserved.
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The world is continuously moving at a fast pace and so is the technological advancements in it. It is a rule of the planet that there should be continuous improvements and advancements in all realms for the welfare of the mankind. In the recent times due to the pandemic and the Covid-19 virus, the style of living and completing one's work has changes drastically. The world has become highly virtual in nature. For each work that needs to be completed there are devices all around us and all of us are connected virtually, be it studies, office work, gaming or loads of other errands. There are various components that are crucial to the efficient operation of the virtual world. One important factor among these components is the network that helps us in connecting with one another. The whole system of the virtual world is highly reliable on the speed, bandwidth, and many other factors of the network that the users are using. The mobile network era started with One-G or just the G and currently is moving towards a 5G network. In this paper we will discuss about the 5G network, the technology it uses, the challenges that it is facing and the huge difference that it will bring about in the virtual and technological world. © 2022 IEEE.
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Recent days have changed tremendously, and rules are strictly being deployed to maintain social distancing, avoid crowding and frequent hand washing. Frequent washing of hands using our domestic water by a mass crowd result in water wastage which is a huge loss for our society. A better solution to sanitize the hands with reduced water wastage is attempted in this study. With technological advancements in engineering, several solutions and cope-up methods are being given to combat the spread of COVID-19 in this pandemic era. As an attempt, this study develops a Fog based Contactless Handwash kit which uses the Mis Spray method to sanitize the hands. The mist consists of water vapour and herbal sanitizer which is skin-friendly to humans. This kit is suggested to be deployed in public places to avoid the spreading of the virus since it is in a complete contactless manner. It is developed with an Atmega based microcontroller, NodeMCu,ultrasonic sensor and mist spray module economically. The outcomes of the developed handwash kit serve to optimally favour the preventing behaviour in this pandemic time. This study gives way for further research studies on the automatic sanitizing methods to combat the spread of the virus and its variants. © 2022 IEEE.
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Is the air safe to breathe? Is the water safe to drink? Can I feed my child the apple I bought at the grocery store? Is my house safe from toxic substances? How will climate change-related flooding and drought impact food security? These are some of the questions environmental health science professionals are trained to counter. From the time John Snow removed the pump handle and Rachel Carson described the origin of a Silent Spring, environmental health professionals consistently provided the evidence that the health of the environment is inextricably linked to that of people. Never before has the profession been in such need of bolstering its workforce. Over the last few decades many communities have taken for granted the ability to control disease outbreaks and have access to safe food, clean water, healthy homes, and reliable sanitation. This trend has been combined with a realization that the traditional definition of environment is no longer relevant.
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The recent pandemic, covid-19 has largely affected people's lives, health, and productivity. The first case of Covid-19 was recorded on December 31, 2019, in Wuhan, China. Since then, the number of cases has increased exponentially, and subsequently, numerous precautions have been taken to prevent and cure the virus. By May 26, 2021, totally, 168 million cases were reported worldwide, with 3.49 million deaths, and the pandemic is currently underway, with people continuing to get affected and fighting for their lives from this deadly virus. The World Health Organization (WHO) has also released various precautions and vaccines to combat the pandemic, but these are insufficient to reduce the number of infected cases or save people's lives. The proposed research study discusses about the utilization of artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and data science techniques for gaining a better understanding of covid-19 virus. This technological advancement can easily make proper judgments about covid-19, as well as the predictions on confirmed & recovered cases and deaths were made by using this technology. The datasets also include previous and current information about covid-19. The proposed research study also discusses about a tool called "Prophet.” Prophet is a Facebook open-source tool, which uses the Sklearn model API. The proposed study initially creates a prophet instance and then use its fit and predict methods. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
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Hands-on practice laboratory experience is an essential component for effective engineering education. Thanks to the recent technological advancement, remote and virtual laboratories are becoming more and more popular. The study presented in the current paper is focused on developing a student board that can be used by both teachers and students in the education process. For this board, several PSoC™ 6 applications have been developed, to provide students hands-on experience with various electronic basic concepts, which they can later practice by developing their own applications. Although many applications can be demonstrated using this board, in this paper the design and development of two practical applications is presented - LabVIEW Control of RGB Led Intensity and Signal Generation and Acquisition with LabVIEW Display. Those two applications are both using the PSoC 6 microcontroller and were prototyped on the NI ELVIS II device. The developed board has the main advantage of being an inexpensive mixed signal platform to teach important concepts in electronics embedded system laboratories, and it will suit well the educational needs of the post-COVID era. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
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PurposeLeveraging theory from the dynamic capability literature, this study aims to explore how information technology (IT) capability influences firm agility and subsequently translates into firm performance.Design/methodology/approachThis study examines the proposed relationships by using survey data from a sample of 296 Chinese retail firms. Structural equation modeling is used to test this study's hypotheses.FindingsThe following results are produced: the direct effect of IT capability on firm agility is confirmed;firm agility has a direct impact on firm performance;and the indirect effect of IT capability on firm performance via firm agility is demonstrated (i.e. partial mediation).Originality/valueThe catastrophic outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has heightened the importance of firm agility more than ever. Although the traumatic event is painful, however, there is nothing like a crisis to offer a tremendous business opportunity. In response to the pandemic circumstance, firms are required to operate their business by reacting to unpredictable and dynamic market changes quickly and efficiently. This study sheds light on why firms should develop their IT capability and how it affects firm performance via firm agility during the COVID-19 outbreak.